The immune response to Helicobacter pylori is important in persistence of the infection and development of peptic ulcer disease and gastric cancer. H. pylori influences the host gastric and systemic immune response via a complex network of mechanisms. Understanding these could lead to the development of new therapeutics. Research on vaccines against H. pylori has been ongoing for several decades, but unfortunately with little success. This review summarizes some important findings in the areas of H. pylori-mediated inflammation, immunity and vaccines during the period from April 2021 to March 2022.