Introduction: Campylobacter upsaliensis is responsible for various infections and diseases and can cause bacteraemia in debilitated and immunocompromised patients. Here we report a case of an immunocompetent patient with C. upsaliensis bacteraemia.

Case Presentation: A 34-year-old immunocompetent man with no medical history presented with dizziness, weakness and epigastric pain. One out of 6 blood cultures returned positive after 70 hours of incubation. Campylobacter upsaliensis was identified by matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry. As the clinical examination found no abnormalities, the patient did not receive antibiotic treatment. The outcome was spontaneously favourable. The route of infection remains unknown.

Conclusions: Campylobacter upsaliensis bacteraemia can occur in immunocompetent patients. In such cases, however, antibiotic treatment may not be necessary. This is an important finding in a context of growing antibiotic resistance.